1、 Bare root bonsai

1、淺栽挑根用淺盆培養(yǎng)，選用主根發(fā)達易造型的半成品樹樁。將根基部側(cè)根條理別致的露出盆土。對樹根基部側(cè)根不宜直接露出的，可用挑根的辦法將根挑出盆面，結(jié)合樹樁的形式，合理培養(yǎng)露根。

1. Shallow planting and root picking are cultivated in shallow pots, and semi-finished stumps with well-developed taproot and easy to shape are selected. Expose the lateral roots of the root base to the basin soil. If the lateral roots at the base of the tree root should not be exposed directly, the root can be picked out of the basin surface by picking the root, and the form of tree stump can be combined to reasonably cultivate the exposed roots.

2、提根露根用深盆培養(yǎng)。通過換盆等措施，將根逐年提起高出盆土，達到觀賞目的。也可先將部分根露出盆面再培土，生長一段時間后，再扒去土促型早成。

2. Root extraction and root dew were cultured in deep pots. By changing the pot and other measures, the root will be lifted higher than the pot soil year by year to achieve the ornamental purpose. You can also expose part of the root to the surface of the basin and then cultivate the soil. After growing for a period of time, remove the soil to promote the early growth of the type.

3、壓條插枝對不宜直接露根的樹樁，如樹樁基部長出枝條，待半木質(zhì)化后，將枝條環(huán)剝，壓入盆土，待生根后及時剪去枝條，以達到露根目的。

3. For tree stumps that are not suitable for direct rooting, such as tree stumps with long branches, after semi-lignification, the branches shall be peeled and pressed into the pot soil, and the branches shall be cut off in time after rooting to achieve the purpose of rooting.

二、叢樹盆景

2、 Bush bonsai

1、選用淺盆，能顯示出叢林野趣，曠野風情，使樹顯大，給人視覺更為深遠，還可在淺盆內(nèi)堆起土堆、配石、布景，使盆景更加生動活潑。

1. Selecting a shallow basin can show the wildness of the jungle and the wilderness style, make the trees bigger and give people a more profound vision, and also pile up mounds of earth, stones and scenery in the shallow basin to make the bonsai more lively.

2、叢林盆景選用的素材一般是小灌木，在栽植時要大小相異，高矮相錯，否則景觀呆板，缺少生氣。

2. The materials selected for the jungle bonsai are generally small shrubs, which should be different in size and different in height when planting, otherwise the landscape will be dull and lack of vitality.

3、叢林盆景在制作上，樹樁宜有進有退，空間有疏有密，構(gòu)圖上產(chǎn)生起伏變化，要有“林”的感覺，不要讓人有窒息的感覺。

3. In the production of the jungle bonsai, the stumps should move forward and backward, the space should be sparse and dense, and the composition should fluctuate. It should have the feeling of "forest", not suffocating.

4、盆景內(nèi)樹木如長時間不修剪，往往枝杈橫生，糾纏不清。因此，要隨時修剪，保持空間結(jié)構(gòu)和疏密關(guān)系，提高觀賞價值。

4. If the trees in the bonsai are not pruned for a long time, the branches are often intertwined. Therefore, it is necessary to trim at any time, maintain the spatial structure and density relationship, and improve the viewing value.

圖片

picture

三、微型盆景

3、 Miniature bonsai

1、取材造型微型盆景取材，一般選擇枝細葉小，上盆易活，根干奇特，花果艷麗，容易造型的材料，如五葉松、小葉羅漢松、細葉冬青、六月雪、文竹、雀梅等。也可到野外挖取合適的樹樁造型后栽植。造型時常用棕絲結(jié)扎法，鉛絲纏繞法、折枝等方法。

1. Material modeling The miniature bonsai is generally made of materials with small branches and leaves, easy to grow in pots, peculiar root trunks, beautiful flowers and fruits, and easy to shape, such as five leaf pine, small leaf arhat pine, fine leaf holly, June snow, asparagus, bromelia, etc. You can also dig suitable stumps in the field and then plant them. Palm wire binding method, lead wire winding method, branch breaking and other methods are commonly used in modeling.

2、上盆養(yǎng)護在整形的同時要將樹木從泥盆中移栽到紫砂盆或釉盆中。一般高深筒盆，適合于懸崖式;橢圓或淺長方形盆，宜栽直干或斜干式;多角淺盆，且栽高干式;圓形盆可配置低矮盤曲植物。栽植后養(yǎng)護：盆土宜經(jīng)常保持濕潤，冬季保持適宜的溫度，盛夏宜置于被陰處。生長期間要薄肥勤施，一般每10天施一次?？墒┯酶斓亩癸灐⑻闫?，亦可施用全元素復合花

2. The trees should be transplanted from the clay pot to the purple sand pot or glaze pot while the upper basin maintenance is being reshaped. General high and deep tub, suitable for cliff type; Elliptical or shallow rectangular basin, suitable for planting straight or inclined dry; Shallow pot with multiple angles and high dry planting; The round pot can be equipped with low convoluted plants. Maintenance after planting: the soil in the basin should always be kept wet, the temperature should be kept at a suitable temperature in winter, and it should be placed in the shade in midsummer. During the growth period, thin fertilizer should be applied frequently, generally once every 10 days. You can use rotten bean cake, water for hoof slices, etc., and you can also use all-element compound flowers